Placement of empty-element page numbers

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Can empty-element page numbers be placed outside of block elements? For example, so that their only parent is <body>, or in other words, so that they're between paragraphs?

If they can, do they have to be divs or can they just stay spans since they're empty and have no effect on document flow?

I ask because all of the examples here (http://www.idpf.org/accessibility/guidelines/content/xhtml/pagenum.php) put them within other elements (except "Example 3 — Page number as block element", but that one is a content element, i.e. the number is essentially part of the book's text).

It depends on the context, but in general, yes.

A span is allowed as a child of the body, section, etc., so you can validaly put it between two paragraphs that are also children of them.

 

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